Real-Time PCR - References [M.Tevfik Dorak]

Genetics Evolution HLA MHC Biostatistics Glossary Homepage

M.Tevfik Dorak, MD, PhD

1. Freeman WM, Walker SJ, Vrana KE. Quantitative RT-PCR: pitfalls and potential. Biotechniques 1999;26(1):112-22, 124-5.

2. Raeymaekers L. Basic principles of quantitative PCR. Mol Biotechnol 2000;15(2):115-22.

3. Higuchi R, Dollinger G, Walsh PS, Griffith R. Simultaneous amplification and detection of specific DNA sequences. Biotechnology (N Y) 1992;10(4):413-7.

4. Higuchi R, Fockler C, Dollinger G, Watson R. Kinetic PCR analysis: real-time monitoring of DNA amplification reactions. Biotechnology (N Y) 1993;11(9):1026-30.

5. Lee LG, Connell CR, Bloch W. Allelic discrimination by nick-translation PCR with fluorogenic probes. Nucleic Acids Res 1993;21(16):3761-6.

6. Livak KJ, Flood SJ, Marmaro J, Giusti W, Deetz K. Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for detecting PCR product and nucleic acid hybridization. PCR Methods Appl 1995;4(6):357-62.

7. Wittwer CT, Herrmann MG, Moss AA, Rasmussen RP. Continuous fluorescence monitoring of rapid cycle DNA amplification. Biotechniques 1997;22(1):130-1, 134-8.

8. Wittwer CT, Ririe KM, Andrew RV, David DA, Gundry RA, Balis UJ. The LightCycler: a microvolume multisample fluorimeter with rapid temperature control. Biotechniques 1997;22(1):176-81.

9. van der Velden VH, Hochhaus A, Cazzaniga G, Szczepanski T, Gabert J, van Dongen JJ. Detection of minimal residual disease in hematologic malignancies by real-time quantitative PCR: principles, approaches, and laboratory aspects. Leukemia 2003;17(6):1013-34.

10. Heid CA, Stevens J, Livak KJ, Williams PM. Real time quantitative PCR. Genome Res 1996;6(10):986-94.

11. Mhlanga MM, Malmberg L. Using molecular beacons to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms with real-time PCR. Methods 2001;25(4):463-71.

12. Vet JA, Van der Rijt BJ, Blom HJ. Molecular beacons: colorful analysis of nucleic acids. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2002;2(1):77-86.

13. Abravaya K, Huff J, Marshall R, et al. Molecular beacons as diagnostic tools: technology and applications. Clin Chem Lab Med 2003;41(4):468-74.

14. Tan W, Wang K, Drake TJ. Molecular beacons. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2004;8(5):547-53.

15. Vet JA, Marras SA. Design and optimization of molecular beacon real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Methods Mol Biol 2005;288:273-90.

16. Saha BK, Tian B, Bucy RP. Quantitation of HIV-1 by real-time PCR with a unique fluorogenic probe. J Virol Methods 2001;93(1-2):33-42.

17. Solinas A, Brown LJ, McKeen C, et al. Duplex Scorpion primers in SNP analysis and FRET applications. Nucleic Acids Res 2001;29(20):E96.

18. Terry CF, Shanahan DJ, Ballam LD, Harris N, McDowell DG, Parkes HC. Real-time detection of genetically modified soya using Lightcycler and ABI 7700 platforms with TaqMan, Scorpion, and SYBR Green I chemistries. J AOAC Int 2002;85(4):938-44.

19. Svanvik N, Stahlberg A, Sehlstedt U, Sjoback R, Kubista M. Detection of PCR products in real time using light-up probes. Anal Biochem 2000;287(1):179-82.

20. Hiyoshi M, Hosoi S. Assay of DNA denaturation by polymerase chain reaction-driven fluorescent label incorporation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Anal Biochem 1994;221(2):306-11.

21. Chen X, Zehnbauer B, Gnirke A, Kwok PY. Fluorescence energy transfer detection as a homogeneous DNA diagnostic method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94(20):10756-61.

22. Holland PM, Abramson RD, Watson R, Gelfand DH. Detection of specific polymerase chain reaction product by utilizing the 5'----3' exonuclease activity of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991;88(16):7276-80.

23. Bernard PS, Ajioka RS, Kushner JP, Wittwer CT. Homogeneous multiplex genotyping of hemochromatosis mutations with fluorescent hybridization probes. Am J Pathol 1998;153(4):1055-61.

24. Vet JA, Majithia AR, Marras SA, et al. Multiplex detection of four pathogenic retroviruses using molecular beacons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96(11):6394-9.

25. Lee LG, Livak KJ, Mullah B, Graham RJ, Vinayak RS, Woudenberg TM. Seven-color, homogeneous detection of six PCR products. Biotechniques 1999;27(2):342-9.

26. Donohoe GG, Laaksonen M, Pulkki K, Ronnemaa T, Kairisto V. Rapid single-tube screening of the C282Y hemochromatosis mutation by real-time multiplex allele-specific PCR without fluorescent probes. Clin Chem 2000;46(10):1540-7.

27. Read SJ, Mitchell JL, Fink CG. LightCycler multiplex PCR for the laboratory diagnosis of common viral infections of the central nervous system. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39(9):3056-9.

28. Grace MB, McLeland CB, Gagliardi SJ, Smith JM, Jackson WE, 3rd, Blakely WF. Development and assessment of a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay for simultaneous measurement of four amplicons. Clin Chem 2003;49(9):1467-75.

29. Vrettou C, Traeger-Synodinos J, Tzetis M, Palmer G, Sofocleous C, Kanavakis E. Real-time PCR for single-cell genotyping in sickle cell and thalassemia syndromes as a rapid, accurate, reliable, and widely applicable protocol for preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Hum Mutat 2004;23(5):513-21.

30. Rickert AM, Lehrach H, Sperling S. Multiplexed real-time PCR using universal reporters. Clin Chem 2004;50(9):1680-3.

31. Persson K, Hamby K, Ugozzoli LA. Four-color multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-Overcoming its limitations. Anal Biochem 2005 ;344(1):33-42.

32. Morrison TB, Weis JJ, Wittwer CT. Quantification of low-copy transcripts by continuous SYBR Green I monitoring during amplification. Biotechniques 1998;24(6):954-8, 960, 962.

33. Ririe KM, Rasmussen RP, Wittwer CT. Product differentiation by analysis of DNA melting curves during the polymerase chain reaction. Anal Biochem 1997;245(2):154-60.

34. Siraj AK, Ozbek U, Sazawal S, et al. Preclinical validation of a monochrome real-time multiplex assay for translocations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8(12):3832-40.

35. Bustin SA, Nolan T. Pitfalls of quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. J Biomol Tech 2004;15(3):155-66.

36. Wong ML, Medrano JF. Real-time PCR for mRNA quantitation. Biotechniques 2005;39(1):75-85.

37. Yuan JS, Reed A, Chen F, Stewart CN, Jr. Statistical analysis of real-time PCR data. BMC Bioinformatics 2006;7:85.

38. Suzuki T, Higgins PJ, Crawford DR. Control selection for RNA quantitation. Biotechniques 2000;29(2):332-7.

39. Bustin SA. Absolute quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. J Mol Endocrinol 2000;25(2):169-93.

40. Dheda K, Huggett JF, Bustin SA, Johnson MA, Rook G, Zumla A. Validation of housekeeping genes for normalizing RNA expression in real-time PCR. Biotechniques 2004;37(1):112-4, 116, 118-9.

41. Aerts JL, Gonzales MI, Topalian SL. Selection of appropriate control genes to assess expression of tumor antigens using real-time RT-PCR. Biotechniques 2004;36(1):84-6, 88, 90-1.

42. Goidin D, Mamessier A, Staquet MJ, Schmitt D, Berthier-Vergnes O. Ribosomal 18S RNA prevails over glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and beta-actin genes as internal standard for quantitative comparison of mRNA levels in invasive and noninvasive human melanoma cell subpopulations. Anal Biochem 2001;295(1):17-21.

43. Sabek O, Dorak MT, Kotb M, Gaber AO, Gaber L. Quantitative detection of T-cell activation markers by real-time PCR in renal transplant rejection and correlation with histopathologic evaluation. Transplantation 2002;74(5):701-7.

44. Gibbs PJ, Tan LC, Sadek SA, Howell WM. Comparative evaluation of 'TaqMan' RT-PCR and RT-PCR ELISA for immunological monitoring of renal transplant recipients. Transpl Immunol 2003;11(1):65-72.

45. de Kok JB, Roelofs RW, Giesendorf BA, et al. Normalization of gene expression measurements in tumor tissues: comparison of 13 endogenous control genes. Lab Invest 2004.

46. Schmittgen TD, Zakrajsek BA. Effect of experimental treatment on housekeeping gene expression: validation by real-time, quantitative RT-PCR. J Biochem Biophys Methods 2000;46(1-2):69-81.

47. Schmid H, Cohen CD, Henger A, Irrgang S, Schlondorff D, Kretzler M. Validation of endogenous controls for gene expression analysis in microdissected human renal biopsies. Kidney Int 2003;64(1):356-60.

48. Vandesompele J, De Preter K, Pattyn F, et al. Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biol 2002;3(7):RESEARCH0034.

49. Longo MC, Berninger MS, Hartley JL. Use of uracil DNA glycosylase to control carry-over contamination in polymerase chain reactions. Gene 1990;93(1):125-8.

50. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 2001;25(4):402-8.

51. Giulietti A, Overbergh L, Valckx D, Decallonne B, Bouillon R, Mathieu C. An overview of real-time quantitative PCR: applications to quantify cytokine gene expression. Methods 2001;25(4):386-401.

52. Kearns AM, Draper B, Wipat W, et al. LightCycler-based quantitative PCR for detection of cytomegalovirus in blood, urine, and respiratory samples. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39(6):2364-5.

53. Kearns AM, Guiver M, James V, King J. Development and evaluation of a real-time quantitative PCR for the detection of human cytomegalovirus. J Virol Methods 2001;95(1-2):121-31.

54. Kearns AM, Turner AJ, Eltringham GJ, Freeman R. Rapid detection and quantification of CMV DNA in urine using LightCycler-based real-time PCR. J Clin Virol 2002;24(1-2):131-4.

55. Mengelle C, Pasquier C, Rostaing L, et al. Quantitation of human cytomegalovirus in recipients of solid organ transplants by real-time quantitative PCR and pp65 antigenemia. J Med Virol 2003;69(2):225-31.

56. Gibellini D, Vitone F, Gori E, La Placa M, Re MC. Quantitative detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral load by SYBR green real-time RT-PCR technique in HIV-1 seropositive patients. J Virol Methods 2004;115(2):183-9.

57. Niesters HG. Quantitation of viral load using real-time amplification techniques. Methods 2001;25(4):419-29.

58. Pfaffl MW. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 2001;29(9):e45.

59. Bustin SA. Quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR): trends and problems. J Mol Endocrinol 2002;29(1):23-39.

60. Leung W, Iyengar R, Triplett B, et al. Comparison of killer Ig-like receptor genotyping and phenotyping for selection of allogeneic blood stem cell donors. J Immunol 2005;174(10):6540-5.

61. Rajeevan MS, Vernon SD, Taysavang N, Unger ER. Validation of array-based gene expression profiles by real-time (kinetic) RT-PCR. J Mol Diagn 2001;3(1):26-31.

62. Lovatt A. Applications of quantitative PCR in the biosafety and genetic stability assessment of biotechnology products. J Biotechnol 2002;82(3):279-300.

63. Leruez-Ville M, Minard V, Lacaille F, et al. Real-time blood plasma polymerase chain reaction for management of disseminated adenovirus infection. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38(1):45-52.

64. Brennan RE, Samuel JE. Evaluation of Coxiella burnetii antibiotic susceptibilities by real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41(5):1869-74.

65. Burger H, Foekens JA, Look MP, et al. RNA expression of breast cancer resistance protein, lung resistance-related protein, multidrug resistance-associated proteins 1 and 2, and multidrug resistance gene 1 in breast cancer: correlation with chemotherapeutic response. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9(2):827-36.

66. Kogure T, Ueno Y, Iwasaki T, Shimosegawa T. The efficacy of the combination therapy of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and leucovorin for hepatocellular carcinoma and its predictable factors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2004;53(4):296-304.

67. Adler M, Wacker R, Niemeyer CM. A real-time immuno-PCR assay for routine ultrasensitive quantification of proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003;308(2):240-50.

68. Barletta JM, Edelman DC, Constantine NT. Lowering the detection limits of HIV-1 viral load using real-time immuno-PCR for HIV-1 p24 antigen. Am J Clin Pathol 2004;122(1):20-7.

69. Lind K, Kubista M. Development and evaluation of three real-time immuno-PCR assemblages for quantification of PSA. J Immunol Methods 2005;304(1-2):107-16.

70. Braveman MW, Chen-Plotkin AS, Yohrling GJ, Cha JH. Chromatin immunoprecipitation technique for study of transcriptional dysregulation in intact mouse brain. Methods Mol Biol 2004;277:261-76.

71. Sandoval J, Rodriguez JL, Tur G, et al. RNAPol-ChIP: a novel application of chromatin immunoprecipitation to the analysis of real-time gene transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2004;32(11):e88.

72. Wang JC, Derynck MK, Nonaka DF, Khodabakhsh DB, Haqq C, Yamamoto KR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) scanning identifies primary glucocorticoid receptor target genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101(44):15603-8.

73. Iype T, Francis J, Garmey JC, et al. Mechanism of insulin gene regulation by the pancreatic transcription factor Pdx-1: application of pre-mRNA analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation to assess formation of functional transcriptional complexes. J Biol Chem 2005;280(17):16798-807.

74. Potratz JC, Mlody B, Berdel WE, Serve H, Muller-Tidow C. In vivo analyses of UV-irradiation-induced p53 promoter binding using a novel quantitative real-time PCR assay. Int J Oncol 2005;26(2):493-8.

75. Puppo F, Musso M, Pirulli D, et al. Comparative genomic sequence analysis coupled to chromatin immunoprecipitation: a screening procedure applied to search for regulatory elements at the RET locus. Physiol Genomics 2005;23(3):269-74.

76. Belgrader P, Benett W, Hadley D, et al. PCR detection of bacteria in seven minutes. Science 1999;284(5413):449-50.

77. Uhl JR, Bell CA, Sloan LM, et al. Application of rapid-cycle real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of microbial pathogens: the Mayo-Roche Rapid Anthrax Test. Mayo Clin Proc 2002;77(7):673-80.

78. Mackay IM. Real-time PCR in the microbiology laboratory. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004;10(3):190-212.

79. Perandin F, Manca N, Calderaro A, et al. Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale for routine clinical diagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42(3):1214-9.

80. Watzinger F, Suda M, Preuner S, et al. Real-time quantitative PCR assays for detection and monitoring of pathogenic human viruses in immunosuppressed pediatric patients. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42(11):5189-98.

81. Reynisson E, Josefsen MH, Krause M, Hoorfar J. Evaluation of probe chemistries and platforms to improve the detection limit of real-time PCR. J Microbiol Methods 2006;66(2):206-16.

82. Bryant PA, Li HY, Zaia A, et al. Prospective study of a real-time PCR that is highly sensitive, specific, and clinically useful for diagnosis of meningococcal disease in children. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42(7):2919-25.

83. Kearns AM, Graham C, Burdess D, Heatherington J, Freeman R. Rapid real-time PCR for determination of penicillin susceptibility in pneumococcal meningitis, including culture-negative cases. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40(2):682-4.

84. Kraus G, Cleary T, Miller N, et al. Rapid and specific detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex using fluorogenic probes and real-time PCR. Mol Cell Probes 2001;15(6):375-83.

85. Torres MJ, Criado A, Ruiz M, Llanos AC, Palomares JC, Aznar J. Improved real-time PCR for rapid detection of rifampin and isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2003;45(3):207-12.

86. Cleary TJ, Roudel G, Casillas O, Miller N. Rapid and specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by using the Smart Cycler instrument and a specific fluorogenic probe. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41(10):4783-6.

87. Hazbon MH, Alland D. Hairpin primers for simplified single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other organisms. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42(3):1236-42.

88. Foulds IV, Granacki A, Xiao C, Krull UJ, Castle A, Horgen PA. Quantification of microcystin-producing cyanobacteria and E. coli in water by 5'-nuclease PCR. J Appl Microbiol 2002;93(5):825-34.

89. Guy RA, Payment P, Krull UJ, Horgen PA. Real-time PCR for quantification of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in environmental water samples and sewage. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003;69(9):5178-85.

90. Dietmaier W, Hofstadter F. Detection of microsatellite instability by real time PCR and hybridization probe melting point analysis. Lab Invest 2001;81(10):1453-6.

91. Blakely WF, Prasanna PG, Grace MB, Miller AC. Radiation exposure assessment using cytological and molecular biomarkers. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2001;97(1):17-23.

92. Blakely WF, Miller AC, Luo L, et al. Nucleic acid molecular biomarkers for diagnostic biodosimetry applications: use of the fluorogenic 5'-nuclease polymerase chain reaction assay. Mil Med 2002;167(2 Suppl):16-9.

93. Grace MB, McLeland CB, Blakely WF. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay of GADD45 gene expression changes as a biomarker for radiation biodosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2002;78(11):1011-21.

94. Tung CH, Mahmood U, Bredow S, Weissleder R. In vivo imaging of proteolytic enzyme activity using a novel molecular reporter. Cancer Res 2000;60(17):4953-8.

95. Bremer C, Tung CH, Weissleder R. Molecular imaging of MMP expression and therapeutic MMP inhibition. Acad Radiol 2002;9 Suppl 2:S314-5.

96. He L, Chinnery PF, Durham SE, et al. Detection and quantification of mitochondrial DNA deletions in individual cells by real-time PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 2002;30(14):e68.

97. Liu CS, Tsai CS, Kuo CL, et al. Oxidative stress-related alteration of the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in human leukocytes. Free Radic Res 2003;37(12):1307-17.

98. Alonso A, Martin P, Albarran C, et al. Real-time PCR designs to estimate nuclear and mitochondrial DNA copy number in forensic and ancient DNA studies. Forensic Sci Int 2004;139(2-3):141-9.

99. Trinh BN, Long TI, Laird PW. DNA methylation analysis by MethyLight technology. Methods 2001;25(4):456-62.

100. Cottrell SE, Distler J, Goodman NS, et al. A real-time PCR assay for DNA-methylation using methylation-specific blockers. Nucleic Acids Res 2004;32(1):e10.

101. Lehmann U, Kreipe H. Real-Time PCR-Based Assay for Quantitative Determination of Methylation Status. Methods in Molecular Biology: Epigenetics Protocols: Humana Press, 2004: 207-18.

102. Thomassin H, Kress C, Grange T. MethylQuant: a sensitive method for quantifying methylation of specific cytosines within the genome. Nucleic Acids Res 2004;32(21):e168.

103. Hartshorn C, Rice JE, Wangh LJ. Developmentally-regulated changes of Xist RNA levels in single preimplantation mouse embryos, as revealed by quantitative real-time PCR. Mol Reprod Dev 2002;61(4):425-36.

104. van Dijk JP, Heuver LH, van der Reijden BA, Raymakers RA, de Witte T, Jansen JH. A novel, essential control for clonality analysis with human androgen receptor gene polymerase chain reaction. Am J Pathol 2002;161(3):807-12.

105. Zhou L, Vandersteen J, Wang L, et al. High-resolution DNA melting curve analysis to establish HLA genotypic identity. Tissue Antigens 2004;64(2):156-164.

106. Elmaagacli AH. Real-time PCR for monitoring minimal residual disease and chimerism in patients after allogeneic transplantation. Int J Hematol 2002;76 Suppl 2:204-5.

107. Alizadeh M, Bernard M, Danic B, et al. Quantitative assessment of hematopoietic chimerism after bone marrow transplantation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Blood 2002;99(12):4618-25.

108. Thiede C. Diagnostic chimerism analysis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: new methods and markers. Am J Pharmacogenomics 2004;4(3):177-87.

109. Harries LW, Wickham CL, Evans JC, Rule A, Joyner MV, Ellard S. Analysis of haematopoietic chimaerism by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005;35(3):283-90.

110. Sarris AH, Jiang Y, Tsimberidou AM, et al. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for monitoring minimal residual disease in patients with advanced indolent lymphomas treated with rituximab, fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone. Semin Oncol 2002;29(1 Suppl 2):48-55.

111. Cilloni D, Gottardi E, De Micheli D, et al. Quantitative assessment of WT1 expression by real time quantitative PCR may be a useful tool for monitoring minimal residual disease in acute leukemia patients. Leukemia 2002;16(10):2115-21.

112. Gabert J, Beillard E, van der Velden VH, et al. Standardization and quality control studies of 'real-time' quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of fusion gene transcripts for residual disease detection in leukemia - a Europe Against Cancer program. Leukemia 2003;17(12):2318-57.

113. Bubner B, Baldwin IT. Use of real-time PCR for determining copy number and zygosity in transgenic plants. Plant Cell Rep 2004;23(5):263-71.

114. Chen Q, Book M, Fang X, Hoeft A, Stuber F. Screening of copy number polymorphisms in human beta-defensin genes using modified real-time quantitative PCR. J Immunol Methods 2006;308(1-2):231-40.

115. Szilagyi A, Blasko B, Szilassy D, Fust G, Sasvari-Szekely M, Ronai Z. Real-time PCR quantification of human complement C4A and C4B genes. BMC Genet 2006;7:1.

116. von Ahsen N, Oellerich M, Schutz E. Use of two reporter dyes without interference in a single-tube rapid-cycle PCR: alpha(1)-antitrypsin genotyping by multiplex real-time fluorescence PCR with the LightCycler. Clin Chem 2000;46(2):156-61.

117. Lyon E. Mutation detection using fluorescent hybridization probes and melting curve analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2001;1(1):92-101.

118. Waterfall CM, Cobb BD. SNP genotyping using single-tube fluorescent bidirectional PCR. Biotechniques 2002;33(1):80, 82-4, 86 passim.

119. Bennett CD, Campbell MN, Cook CJ, et al. The LightTyper: high-throughput genotyping using fluorescent melting curve analysis. Biotechniques 2003;34(6):1288-92, 1294-5.

120. Wittwer CT, Reed GH, Gundry CN, Vandersteen JG, Pryor RJ. High-resolution genotyping by amplicon melting analysis using LCGreen. Clin Chem 2003;49(6 Pt 1):853-60.

121. Zhou L, Wang L, Palais R, Pryor R, Wittwer CT. High-resolution DNA melting analysis for simultaneous mutation scanning and genotyping in solution. Clin Chem 2005;51(10):1770-7.

122. Palais RA, Liew MA, Wittwer CT. Quantitative heteroduplex analysis for single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. Anal Biochem 2005;346(1):167-75.

123. Chou LS, Lyon E, Wittwer CT. A comparison of high-resolution melting analysis with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography for mutation scanning: cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene as a model. Am J Clin Pathol 2005;124(3):330-8.

124. Tapp I, Malmberg L, Rennel E, Wik M, Syvanen AC. Homogeneous scoring of single-nucleotide polymorphisms: comparison of the 5'-nuclease TaqMan assay and Molecular Beacon probes. Biotechniques 2000;28(4):732-8.

125. Song P, Li S, Meibohm B, et al. Detection of MDR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms C3435T and G2677T using real-time polymerase chain reaction: MDR1 single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assay. AAPS PharmSci 2002;4(4):E29.

126. Gupta M, Song P, Yates CR, Meibohm B. Real-time PCR-based genotyping assay for CXCR2 polymorphisms. Clin Chim Acta 2004;341(1-2):93-100.

127. Lareu MV, Ruiz-Ponte C. Genotyping SNPs With the LightCycler. Methods Mol Biol 2004;297:127-40.

128. Zimmermann B, Holzgreve W, Wenzel F, Hahn S. Novel real-time quantitative PCR test for trisomy 21. Clin Chem 2002;48(2):362-3.

129. Bieche I, Olivi M, Champeme MH, Vidaud D, Lidereau R, Vidaud M. Novel approach to quantitative polymerase chain reaction using real-time detection: application to the detection of gene amplification in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 1998;78(5):661-6.

130. Mocellin S, Rossi CR, Pilati P, Nitti D, Marincola FM. Quantitative real-time PCR: a powerful ally in cancer research. Trends Mol Med 2003;9(5):189-95.

131. Barrois M, Bieche I, Mazoyer S, Champeme MH, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Lidereau R. Real-time PCR-based gene dosage assay for detecting BRCA1 rearrangements in breast-ovarian cancer families. Clin Genet 2004;65(2):131-6.

132. Linzmeier RM, Ganz T. Human defensin gene copy number polymorphisms: Comprehensive analysis of independent variation in alpha- and beta-defensin regions at 8p22-p23. Genomics 2005.

133. Laurendeau I, Bahuau M, Vodovar N, et al. TaqMan PCR-based gene dosage assay for predictive testing in individuals from a cancer family with INK4 locus haploinsufficiency. Clin Chem 1999;45(7):982-6.

134. Kariyazono H, Ohno T, Ihara K, et al. Rapid detection of the 22q11.2 deletion with quantitative real-time PCR. Mol Cell Probes 2001;15(2):71-3.

135. Covault J, Abreu C, Kranzler H, Oncken C. Quantitative real-time PCR for gene dosage determinations in microdeletion genotypes. Biotechniques 2003;35(3):594-6, 598.

136. Coupry I, Monnet L, Attia AA, Taine L, Lacombe D, Arveiler B. Analysis of CBP (CREBBP) gene deletions in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome patients using real-time quantitative PCR. Hum Mutat 2004;23(3):278-84.

137. Von Ahsen N, Armstrong VW, Oellerich M. Rapid, Long-Range Molecular Haplotyping of Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) *3A, *3B, and *3C. Clin Chem 2004.

138. Pont-Kingdon G, Lyon E. Direct molecular haplotyping by melting curve analysis of hybridization probes: beta 2-adrenergic receptor haplotypes as an example. Nucleic Acids Res 2005;33(10):e89.

139. Ginzinger DG, Godfrey TE, Nigro J, et al. Measurement of DNA copy number at microsatellite loci using quantitative PCR analysis. Cancer Res 2000;60(19):5405-9.

140. Barcellos LF, Germer S, Klitz W. DNA pooling methods for association mapping of complex disease loci. In: Carrington M, Hoelzel AR, eds. Molecular Epidemiology. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2001.

141. Abbas A, Lepelley M, Lechevrel M, Sichel F. Assessment of DHPLC usefulness in the genotyping of GSTP1 exon 5 SNP: comparison to the PCR-RFLP method. J Biochem Biophys Methods 2004;59(2):121-6.

142. Quesada JM, Casado A, Diaz C, Barrios L, Cuenca-Acevedo R, Dorado G. Allele-frequency determination of BsmI and FokI polymorphisms of the VDR gene by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) in pooled genomic DNA samples. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2004;89-90(1-5):209-14.

143. Hahn S, Zhong XY, Troeger C, Burgemeister R, Gloning K, Holzgreve W. Current applications of single-cell PCR. Cell Mol Life Sci 2000;57(1):96-105.

144. Bischoff FZ, Sinacori MK, Dang DD, et al. Cell-free fetal DNA and intact fetal cells in maternal blood circulation: implications for first and second trimester non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. Hum Reprod Update 2002;8(6):493-500.

145. Bischoff FZ, Marquez-Do DA, Martinez DI, et al. Intact fetal cell isolation from maternal blood: improved isolation using a simple whole blood progenitor cell enrichment approach (RosetteSep). Clin Genet 2003;63(6):483-9.

146. Hwa HL, Ko TM, Yen ML, Chiang YL. Fetal gender determination using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of maternal plasma. J Formos Med Assoc 2004;103(5):364-8.

147. Kanavakis E, Traeger-Synodinos J, Vrettou C, Maragoudaki E, Tzetis M, Kattamis C. Prenatal diagnosis of the thalassaemia syndromes by rapid DNA analytical methods. Mol Hum Reprod 1997;3(6):523-8.

148. Vrettou C, Traeger-Synodinos J, Tzetis M, Malamis G, Kanavakis E. Rapid screening of multiple beta-globin gene mutations by real-time PCR on the LightCycler: application to carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis of thalassemia syndromes. Clin Chem 2003;49(5):769-76.

149. Raja S, El-Hefnawy T, Kelly LA, Chestney ML, Luketich JD, Godfrey TE. Temperature-controlled primer limit for multiplexing of rapid, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays: application to intraoperative cancer diagnostics. Clin Chem 2002;48(8):1329-37.

150. Sanchez JA, Pierce KE, Rice JE, Wangh LJ. Linear-after-the-exponential (LATE)-PCR: an advanced method of asymmetric PCR and its uses in quantitative real-time analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101(7):1933-8.